Arizona State University (ASU) is a public research university located on five campuses across the Phoenix, AZ, metropolitan area. The university ratings by U.S. News & World Report rank ASU No. 1 among the Most Innovative Schools in America. ASU is the largest public university by enrollment in the U.S, with 82,060 students enrolled including 66,309 undergraduate and 15,751 graduate students. ASU's charter, approved by the board of regents, is based on the "New American University" model created by ASU President Michael Crow. It defines ASU as "a comprehensive public research university, measured not by whom it excludes, but rather by whom it includes and how they succeed; advancing research and discovery of public value; and assuming fundamental responsibility for the economic, social, cultural and overall health of the communities it serves." ASU has been ranked among the top research universities, public and private, in the U.S. based on research output, innovation, development, research expenditures, number of awarded patents and awarded research grant proposals.